Section 1.1: Enhanced Input Field Validation

One of the most significant updates in this version is the introduction of the :user-invalid and :user-valid pseudoclasses. These new classes function effectively to indicate the validity of input fields. For instance, when a field is designated for email input, it won’t immediately show an error like the :invalid pseudoclass. Instead, it waits until the user moves to the next field, which is a welcome change. The frustration of forms displaying errors before any input has been made is now alleviated, thanks to this improvement.

Subsection 1.1.1: Lockdown Mode for Enhanced Security

In today's climate, discussions about lockdowns might be unwelcome, but in this instance, it serves a beneficial purpose. Cybercriminals often seize any chance to target individuals, particularly those in the public eye or those engaging in potentially risky online activities. With Apple's new lockdown mode, users can enhance their security by blocking attachments, invitations from unknown sources, and other features that could expose them to threats. This release of Safari also restricts the low-level WebCodecs API, which, while useful for manipulating video frames, is not robust enough to counter sophisticated cyber attacks. Apple's approach allows users to prioritize safety with minimal sacrifice to convenience.

Section 1.2: CSS Nesting Support

Another exciting feature introduced in Safari 16.5 is support for CSS nesting. Developers can now write styles in a more organized manner, such as:

Copy.foo {

color: green;

.bar {

font-size: 1.4rem;

}

}

This is a fantastic addition, though it raises questions about the timing of implementing such features before the official standard is finalized. The nesting style was determined late last year, and while it’s easy to joke about Safari's rapid development, there are valid concerns about the pace at which new features are being introduced.